When our dogs start to repetitively lick a certain spot or chase their tail, we may wonder, “Can my dog have OCD?” We have definitely thought this about a few of our dogs. But what is OCD and can dogs have it? Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is a human condition characterized by repeated behaviors. However, it is possible for some dogs to exhibit symptoms in a similar manner. This is known as Canine Compulsive Disorder or CCD.
Canine Compulsive Disorder is not a common disorder in dogs. The behaviors that dogs with this condition exhibit come from normal, every day behaviors, however, they occur in a more pronounced way.
This post will look at what Obsessive Compulsive Disorder in dogs is, common behaviors they exhibit, causes of OCD in dogs, signs your dog may have OCD, how it is diagnosed, treatment options available, and what your can do at home to help minimize symptoms in your dog. For the purpose of this post, Obsessive Compulsive Disorder (OCD) and Canine Compulsive Disorder (CCD) will be used interchangeably, although Canine Compulsive Disorder is the correct term to use when referring to dogs with this condition.
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Disclaimer: This post is meant to be informative and should not be taken as medical advice. Talk to your veterinarian regarding any health concerns you may have for your dog.
What Is Obsessive Compulsive Disorder in Dogs?
With Obsessive Compulsive Disorder (OCD) in dogs, a dog exhibits behaviors that they would normally do, but to an extreme or repetitive degree, often without any obvious reason for doing so.
What Are Common Compulsive Behaviors Dogs With CCD May Exhibit?
Some common compulsive behaviors dogs with this condition may exhibit include:
- Air Biting.
- Chasing their tail.
- Excessive licking.
- Pacing.
- Pawing.
- Pica (eating non-food items).
- Spinning in circles.
- Vocalizing
These behaviors may be done out of context or last a longer time than they usually do.
What Causes OCD In Dogs?
There is not one particular cause of Canine Compulsive Disorder, however, there are several factors that can contribute to the development of this condition in dogs:
Genetic predisposition
Some breeds may be more prone to developing OCD due to their genetic makeup. This can include Bull Terriers and German Shepherds.
Stress and anxiety
High levels of stress or anxiety can trigger these symptoms or exacerbate these behaviors in dogs.
Environmental factors
How a dog is brought up can contribute to symptoms, such as lacking proper exercise or mental stimulation.
OCD can start from your dog feeling stressed due to a particular situation. Your pup may perform a certain activity, such as licking or chewing to help calm themselves. They then realize this behavior made them feel good, so they keep doing it.
To help you understand your dog’s OCD, it is important to discuss your dog’s symptoms with your veterinarian. They can provide you with an accurate diagnosis and suggest treatments or behavior modification techniques to best help your pup.
What Are The Physical Signs Of OCD In Dogs?
There are some physical signs you may notice on your pup that may lead you to believe they have OCD. These signs can include:
- Excessive Hair Loss: This can be caused by their frequent scratching or chewing of a specific area on their body.
- Sores: Wounds can occur from them chewing or scratching at themselves.
- Lameness or Stiffness: This can happen if they constantly perform certain movements.
It is important to pay attention to your dog to see if they exhibit any of these signs, and if they do, bring them to your veterinarian.
Can OCD In Dogs Cause Aggression?
It is possible for a dog with OCD to exhibit aggressive behavior. Some signs you may want to be aware of that your dog may be likely to show aggression include:
- Easily Startled. Is your dog easily scared or jumpy?
- Dislike Touch. Your pup may shy away from being pet or touched in any way.
- Aggressive Behavior. Your dog may act unnecessarily aggressive to a normal gentle touch.
If any of these behaviors sound like your dog, see your veterinarian to discuss treatment.
How Is A Dog Diagnosed With OCD?
If you think your dog may have OCD, see your veterinarian to discuss your dog’s symptoms and behaviors. They will examine your dog to rule out any physical or medical reasons for their behavior.
It’s important to provide a detailed history of your dog’s behavior, including when the symptoms first started and any patterns or triggers you’ve noticed. If possible, a video illustrating your dog’s behavior can show your veterinarian exactly what is going on with your pup. This information will help your veterinarian make an accurate diagnosis.
What Treatment Options Are Available For OCD In Dogs?
There are several treatment options available for your dog if they are determined to have Canine Compulsive Disorder. This can range from behavior modification therapy to medication to treat their symptoms.
Behavioral Modification
Behavioral therapy uses the idea of changing your dog’s actions by replacing them with alternative options. These can include:
- Counter-Conditioning: This is when you teach your dog a different behavior when you notice them start to engage in their compulsive activity.
- Desensitization: If you have figured out what triggers your dog’s CCD, you can slowly expose them to that trigger and give them a reward for not engaging in their repetitive behavior.
- Environmental Enrichment: This includes giving your dog the physical and mental stimulation they need to keep their attention on something other than their obsessive behavior. This can include frequent walks, play time, or puzzle games.
Behavioral therapy takes time and commitment, so be patient with your dog when going through this type of treatment.
Medication
For some dogs, behavioral therapy is not enough and they may need to go on medication to help alleviate their symptoms. Some common medications can include:
- Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors (SSRIs)
- Tricyclic Antidepressants (TCAs).
- Anti-Anxiety medications.
Always follow dosing instructions when giving medication to your pup.
How Do I Manage My Dog’s CCD Symptoms At Home?
Some things you can do at home to help manage your dog’s symptoms include:
- Establish a routine to help dogs that suffer from stress.
- Remove known triggers for your dog’s behavior. This can include the use of collars, bandages, and crates, which can increase anxiety.
- Socialize your dog when possible.
- Use interactive toys, which can include puzzle toys and treat dispensers to keep your dog occupied.
- Regular walks can provide mental stimulation and bonding time with you, which can help decrease their stress levels.
Obsessive Compulsive Disorder in dogs, also known as Canine Compulsive Disorder, is a rare condition that manifests as repetitive behaviors. Treating your dog’s OCD takes time and patience. Providing them with mental stimulation, regular exercise, and lots of love can help them overcome their repetitive behaviors.
For more information regarding this condition, check out the Merck Veterinary Manual (see Abnormal Repetitive Behaviors) and American Kennel Club.
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